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Junub Ketiduran, Saat Bangun Shubuh Belum Mandi Wajib, Bagaimana Puasanya?

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Sebagai seorang muslim tentunya sangat senang menyambut bulan suci ramadhan,  semoga Allah memberikan kita kekuatan untuk melaksanakan segala ibadah fardhu dan sunnah di bulan Ramadhan yang tinggal hitungan hari ini.

Satu hal ini perlu dibahas, sebenarnya bagaimana sih hukum melewati Shubuh ketika belum mandi wajib sedangkan tubuh masih juga dalam keadaan junub—baik karena mimpi basah maupun karena ji-ma, atau apakah puasanya sah. Kasus yang sering terjadi, kondisi junub di malam hari dan ketiduran, kemudian bangun sudah masuk subuh.

Karena ketidaktahuannya, ada sebagian orang yang enggan puasa karena belum mandi junub ketika masuk subuh. Yang lebih parah lagi, ada yang tidak shalat subuh karena melanjutkan tidur hingga pagi hari.

Padahal semua tindakan ini, meninggalkan shalat atau tidak puasa tanpa alasan, adalah dosa sangat besar. Sementara, belum mandi ketika masuk waktu subuh, bukan alasan yang membolehkan seseorang meninggalkan puasa. Dan meninggalkan puasa tanpa asalan yang benar mendapatkan acaman sangat keras.

Bukankah syarat sah berpuasa, seseorang harus suci dari hadats besar atau kecil. Ini berbeda dengan shalat atau thawaf di ka’bah. Orang yang hendak shalat atau thawaf, harus suci dari hadats besar maupun kecil. Dan jika terjadi hadats di tengah-tengah shalat maka shalatnya batal.

Lain halnya dengan puasa, suci dari hadats bukanlah syarat sah puasa. Tidak bisa kita bayangkan andaikan puasa harus suci hadi hadats, tentu semua orang yang puasa akan sangat kerepotan. Karena mereka tidak boleh kentut atau buang air selama berpuasa.


Oleh karena itu, orang yang junub dan belum mandi hingga subuh, tidak perlu khawatir, karena semacam ini tidaklah mempengaruhi puasanya. Dalil pokok masalah ini adalah hadis dari Aisyah dan Ummu Salamah radhiallahu ‘anhuma; mereka menceritakan, “Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam memasuki waktu subuh, sementara beliau sedang junub karena berhubungan dengan istrinya. Kemudian, beliau mandi dan berpuasa.” (HR. Bukhari 1926 dan Turmudzi 779).

At-Tumudzi setelah menyebutkan hadis ini, beliau mengatakan,  “Inilah yang dipahami oleh mayoritas ulama di kalangan para sahabat Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam dan yang lainnya. Dan ini merupakan pendapat Sufyan At-Tsauri, As-Syafi’i, Ahmad, dan Ishaq bin Rahuyah,” (Sunan At-Turmudzi, 3/140).

Bolehkah Sahur dalam Kondisi Junub?
Mengutip konsultasisyariah, ketika ada orang junub bangun tidur di penghujung malam, dia berada dalam keadaan harus memilih antara mandi dan sahur, apa yang harus didahulukan?

Dari penjelasan di atas, kita punya kesimpulan bahwa mandi junub tidak harus dilakukan sebelum subuh. Orang boleh mandi junub setelah subuh, dan puasanya tetap sah. Sementara sahur, batas terakhirnya adalah subuh. Seseorang tidak boleh sahur setelah masuk waktu subuh. Dengan menimbang hal ini, seseorang memungkinkan untuk menunda mandi dan tidak mungkin menunda sahur. Karena itu, yang mungkin dia lakukan adalah mendahulukan sahur dan menunda mandi.

Hanya saja, sebelum makan sahur, dianjurkan agar berwudhu terlebih dahulu. Sebagaimana keterangan dari Aisyah radhiallahu ‘anha, beliau mengatakan,

“Apabila Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam berada dalam kondisi junub, kemudian beliau ingin makan atau tidur, beliau berwudhu sebagaimana wudhu ketika hendak shalat.” (H.r. Muslim, 305).

Jika Hendak Shalat Subuh, Mandi Dulu

Perhatikan, jangan sampai kondisi junub ketika puasa membuat anda meninggalkan shalat subuh, disebabkan malas mandi. Karena meninggalkan shalat adalah dosa yang sangat besar. Sebelum shalat, mandi dulu, karena ini syarat sah shalat.

Allah berfirman, “Jika kalian dalam keadaan junub, bersucilah..” (QS. Al-Maidah: 6).

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